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European vs American Roulette: Why One Zero Makes a Big Difference

The double zero almost doubles the house edge. Here is how European, American and French roulette compare, plus every bet type and what it pays.
Illustration of a gold-rimmed roulette wheel viewed from above with a white ball and casino chips
Count the zero pockets: it is the quickest way to know which odds you are playing.

Quick answer

European roulette has one zero and a house edge of about 2.70%. American roulette adds a double zero, raising the edge to about 5.26% with the same payouts. If you can choose, a single-zero wheel is the better deal, and French tables with La Partage are better still on even-money bets.

What you'll learn

  • How the zero pockets create the house edge
  • European, American and French roulette compared
  • Every inside and outside bet and its payout
  • Why betting systems cannot beat the wheel

In this article

Roulette tables can look almost identical, but there’s one detail that changes the maths of every spin: the number of zero pockets on the wheel. European roulette has a single zero. American roulette adds a double zero. That one extra pocket nearly doubles the house edge, which is why it’s the first thing worth checking before you place a chip.

The two wheels at a glance

European rouletteAmerican roulette
Pockets37 (1 to 36, plus 0)38 (1 to 36, plus 0 and 00)
House edge on most bets2.70%5.26%
Straight-up payout35 to 135 to 1
Extra betNoneFive-number bet (0, 00, 1, 2, 3), house edge 7.89%
Common extra rulesLa Partage or En Prison on French tablesRarely

Why the zero creates the house edge

Roulette payouts are set as if the zero didn’t exist. A straight-up bet on one number pays 35 to 1, which would be a fair price on a wheel with 36 pockets. But the European wheel has 37 pockets, so the true odds of hitting one number are 36 to 1. That gap between the payout and the true odds is the house edge.

On a European wheel, the edge works out to 1 in 37, or about 2.70%. Add the double zero and the American wheel has 38 pockets, raising the edge to 2 in 38, or about 5.26%. Same payouts, more ways to lose.

Roulette bets and what they pay

Payouts are the same on both wheels. Inside bets are placed on specific numbers; outside bets cover larger groups.

Inside bets

BetCoversPays
Straight up1 number35 to 1
Split2 adjacent numbers17 to 1
Street3 numbers in a row11 to 1
Corner4 numbers in a square8 to 1
Six line6 numbers across two rows5 to 1

Outside bets

BetCoversPays
Dozen1 to 12, 13 to 24 or 25 to 362 to 1
Column12 numbers in one column2 to 1
Red or black18 numbers1 to 1
Odd or even18 numbers1 to 1
Low (1 to 18) or high (19 to 36)18 numbers1 to 1

Outside bets win more often but pay less. Inside bets win less often but pay more. On a European wheel, every standard bet carries the same 2.70% edge, so the choice is about how you like a session to feel, not about finding a “better” bet.

French roulette and La Partage

French roulette uses the single-zero wheel and often adds a rule called La Partage. If the ball lands on zero, even-money bets such as red or black lose only half their stake instead of all of it. That halves the house edge on those bets to about 1.35%. A similar rule, En Prison, holds the bet for the next spin instead. If you mostly play even-money bets, a table with either rule is worth seeking out.

Quick check before you playLook at the wheel graphic or the table name. A single 0 means European or French odds. A 0 and a 00 means American odds. Many live and RNG tables also list the house edge or RTP in their help screen.
  • Speed or auto roulette: shorter rounds, sometimes with no dealer. The odds are the same, but you’ll play more spins per hour, so budget accordingly.
  • Multiplier roulette: some live variants randomly boost straight-up payouts on selected numbers, usually paying for it by reducing the standard straight-up payout. Check the rules panel to see exactly how payouts change.
  • Multi-wheel and mini roulette: novelty formats with their own rules and edges. Read the help screen before playing.

You can see the live tables currently running in TWIN’s live roulette lobby.

About betting systems

You’ll come across systems such as Martingale (double your stake after every loss) or Fibonacci. They change the pattern of your wins and losses, but they can’t change the house edge, because every spin is independent. Martingale in particular can push stakes up very quickly during a losing run and hit the table limit. The most useful “system” is a fixed budget and a planned stopping point.

The bottom line

If you have a choice, play European or French roulette. You get the same payouts as the American game with roughly half the house edge, and French tables with La Partage are kinder again on even-money bets. Whichever wheel you choose, every spin is random, so play for the spectacle and set your limits first.

Curious how other table games compare? Our blackjack basic strategy guide shows how player decisions affect the house edge.

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between European and American roulette?

European roulette has 37 pockets with a single zero. American roulette has 38 pockets, adding a double zero. The extra pocket raises the house edge from about 2.70% to about 5.26%.

Which roulette bet has the best odds?

On a European wheel every standard bet has the same 2.70% house edge. On French tables with La Partage, even-money bets drop to about 1.35%, which is the lowest edge you will usually find.

What does La Partage mean?

La Partage is a French roulette rule: if the ball lands on zero, even-money bets lose only half their stake instead of the whole bet.

Can a betting system beat roulette?

No. Every spin is independent and the payouts are fixed below the true odds, so no staking pattern can remove the house edge.

Gambling involves risk and outcomes are never guaranteed. Only play with money you can afford to lose. Free, confidential support is available 24/7 from Gambling Help Online on 1800 858 858.

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Responsible gaming

Set a budget and a time limit before you play, and take a break whenever it stops feeling like entertainment. Read our guides or call 1800 858 858 for free support.

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